The party newspaper Granma said the Fifth Party Congress would take place soon, but gave no date. The report was summarized by the government's Prensa Latina news agency, monitored in Mexico City.
Party congresses debate and ratify major policies of Fidel Castro's government and set out guidelines for the the country's future.
The last congress occurred six years ago, when Cuba had just seen most of its socialist allies in Europe collapse.
The Soviet Union, which had been Cuba's political, military and economic bulwark against the United States for three decades, dissolved two months after the Cuban Communists met.
The loss of the trading partners sent Cuba's economy into a tailspin. It hit bottom in 1993 and has gradually begun to recover, aided by once-unthinkable policies: investment from foreign capitalists, expansion of small-scale private business and a slashing of the state sector.
The new congress is likely to discuss those reforms. Many party members have expressed unhappiness at growing inequalities and what they see as a decline in morality. Despite tight controls, some private businessmen can earn more in a day than a Cabinet minister makes in a month.
The 1991 congress opened Cuba's political system somewhat, while insisting that the country would never abandon a single party or socialism.
Christians were allowed to join the party, which had previously enforced atheism, and the party approved public elections of parliament members.
The first congress did not take place until 1975, 14 years after Castro declared Cuba to be a socialist country and nearly 17 years after he came to power in January 1959.
That first congress produced the one-party constitution approved by Cuban voters in a 1976 referendum.
At the second congress in December 1980, Castro proclaimed the doctrine of an entire people in arms. More than 7 million Cubans were mustered into militias.
The third congress in February 1986 produced a ``rectification'' campaign in which Castro abolished the capitalist-tinged farmers' markets. Those markets were revived in recent years to increase the flow of food to Cubans, because economic troubled forced the state to cut rations.